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面粉经常受到害虫的危害,特别是在苏联南方地区。用溴甲烷熏蒸可以防治,但不能阻止进一步的感染。在其他国家,虽然已应用袋装的具触杀效果的杀虫剂,但没有完全取得成功。在苏联应用马拉硫磷做试验。实验室试验表明,在感染率高的情况下,当剂量为0.1—0.2克/米~2时,马拉硫磷可以完全杀死害虫,并保持其杀虫效果达7—9个月之久;20℃和60%的相对湿度为其最适宜的条件。实际应用时以采用0.3克的剂量,可以预料,这种剂量几乎可以防治所有的面粉贮藏害虫,甚至有抗性的地中海粉螟幼虫。最初的实仓试验是1977年在乌兹别克的农场贮藏仓库中进行的。冬去春来,当害虫还未出现之前,即在3月份就把马拉硫磷水悬浮液喷到面粉堆垛上。整个表面都喷雾,也对堆垛通道、梁柱和墙壁进行喷雾。表面喷雾剂量为50毫升/米~2。二个邻近的面粉堆垛未经处理,到5月份这些面粉就有虫害了;而经处理的面粉堆垛可保持无虫达9个月之久。紧
Flour is often endangered by pests, especially in the southern part of the Soviet Union. Fumigation with methyl bromide fights prevention but does not stop further infections. In other countries, bagged contagious insecticides have not been completely successful, although they have been applied. Malathion was tested in the Soviet Union. Laboratory tests show that malathion can kill pests completely and maintain its insecticidal effect for 7-9 months at a dose of 0.1-0.2 g / m ~ 2 at high infection rates ; 20 ℃ and 60% relative humidity is the most suitable conditions. In practice, at a dose of 0.3 grams, it is expected that this dose will prevent almost all flour from storing pests and even the resistant Mediterranean powder borer larvae. The first real warehouse test was conducted in 1977 in a farm storage warehouse in Uzbekistan. In the spring and winter, malathion suspension is sprayed onto the flour pallets before the pests begin to emerge in March. The entire surface is sprayed, but also the stacking channels, beams and walls are sprayed. Surface spray dose of 50 ml / m ~ 2. Two adjacent stacks of flour were left untreated, and the flour was pestled in May; the treated flour stack remained non-shelled for up to nine months. tight