本文比较系统和全面地介绍讨论了振动系统力学模型的建立与改进问题。首先研究讨论了力学模型建立的原则和介绍了离散型、连续体、有限元与混合型模型。然后,阐述了力学模型建立的困难与改造问题,包括这方面重要的、最新的发展。 This article systematically and comprehensively introduces and discusses the establishment and improvement of mechanical models of vibration systems. First of all, the principle of establishment of mechanical model was discussed and discussed. Discrete, continuous, finite element and hybrid models were introduced. Then, the difficulties in the establishment of the mechanical model and the transformation issues are described, including important and recent developments in this area.