急性心肌梗塞是逐渐变化的过程。在实验中,结扎动物的冠状动脉可引起心脏局部缺血,立即发生功能性和生化变化,但是只要局部缺血不超过15分钟左右,就可完全恢复,没有后遗症。局部缺血时间稍长或反复发生,可引起某些永久性损伤,但是有用的功能能够及时恢复,这可能提示心肌受一次“猛击”。如果使实验动物心脏局部缺血达数小时,就可发生透壁性梗塞和不可逆的功能丧失。在人类,心肌梗塞的过程更为复杂,因为 Acute myocardial infarction is a gradual process of change. In experiments, ligation of animal coronary arteries can cause cardiac ischemia, immediate functional and biochemical changes, but as long as the ischemia does not exceed about 15 minutes, you can fully recover without sequelae. A longer or repeated ischemia can cause some permanent damage, but useful functions can be promptly restored, which may prompt a “hit” by the myocardium. Transversal infarction and irreversible loss of function can occur if the heart of experimental animals is ischemia for several hours. In humans, the process of myocardial infarction is more complicated because