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劳动力要素的自由流动能够优化资源的配置,通过自由交易的市场机制来确定各种要素的报酬,是成本最低、效率最高的方式,也是最为公平的。本文以劳动要素市场化对劳动力要素的影响为主线分析其对中国居民收入差距的影响,它对后者的影响主要是通过影响要素的自由流动促进了劳动力要素所有者收入的提高。但是另一方面,要素市场化会拉开劳动者内部的收入差距,使得劳动效率高的劳动者与劳动效率低的劳动者之间的收入差距拉开档次。
The free flow of labor forces can optimize the allocation of resources. The determination of the remuneration of various factors through a freely traded market mechanism is the most cost-effective way and the most equitable. This article analyzes the impact of the marketization of labor elements on labor factors and analyzes its impact on the income gap of Chinese residents. Its impact on the latter is mainly to promote the increase of labor factor owners’ income by influencing the free flow of factors. On the other hand, the marketization of factors will widen the income gap among workers and widen the income gap between labor-efficient and labor-inefficient workers.