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通过采集兰州市2014年典型月份8-9月份的10场大气降雨样品,测量了大气降雨中的p H值,用日立AA1700原子吸收光谱仪测定了样品中所含的10种溶解态重金属元素(Cu、Hg、Cd、Mn、Al、Pb、Zn、Fe、Ni、Cr)的含量,并运用相关和因子统计分析,对比分析了兰州市区和郊区大气污染情况,以及导致其重金属含量不同的原因,探讨了兰州市大气降雨中重金属离子的变化规律及环境影响,揭示了大气降雨中重金属元素的可能来源和污染物质的传输路径。结果表明,兰州市大气降雨中10种重金属元素含量兰州市区明显高于郊区,且Zn元素高出量最多,高达211.89%,雨水中重金属含量由多到少依次是Zn>Cu>Hg>Zn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Mn>Cd>Fe。此外p H对重金属含量的影响非常明显,低p H时雨水的重金属含量明显较高;而高p H时其含量相对较低。其含量的主要来源是石油、化工和冶金等工业作业中重金属的排放,而且还受人为因素影响,为评价兰州市区大气中的重金属污染和环境修复提供了有力的理论依据和指导意义。
The p H value in the rainfall was measured by collecting 10 atmospheric rainfall samples from August to September in a typical month of 2014 in Lanzhou city. The Hg isotopes of 10 dissolved heavy metal elements (Cu , Hg, Cd, Mn, Al, Pb, Zn, Fe, Ni, Cr) were calculated and analyzed by correlation and factor analysis. The causes of air pollution in Lanzhou urban and suburban areas were analyzed and compared, , Discussed the law of change of heavy metal ions in the rainfall and the environmental impact in Lanzhou City, and revealed the possible sources of heavy metal elements and the transmission path of pollutants in atmospheric rainfall. The results showed that the content of 10 heavy metal elements in Lanzhou was obviously higher than that in the suburbs in Lanzhou, and the content of Zn was the highest, up to 211.89%. The content of heavy metals in rainwater was Zn> Cu> Hg> Zn > Cr> Pb> Ni> Mn> Cd> Fe. In addition, the influence of p H on the heavy metal content is very obvious. The heavy metal content of rainwater is obviously higher at low p H, but lower at high p H. The main source of its content is the discharge of heavy metals in industrial operations such as oil, chemical industry and metallurgy. It is also influenced by human factors and provides a powerful theoretical basis and guiding significance for the evaluation of heavy metal pollution and environmental remediation in Lanzhou city.