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一、化学物质的致癌过程细胞癌变需要很长时间,吸烟量与肺癌死亡率的曲线经20年左右才表现出相关性,许多流行病学调查表明,人类癌症发生所需要的时间是10～20年,动物致癌实验至少6个月,一般需1年以上,因此,要阐明历经这么长时间在细胞内所发生的变化,搞清其机理是极不容易的。但是,可将致癌过程分为若干阶段来进行研究。化学致癌的第一阶段是代谢。环境中的或体内所产生的致癌物被细胞所摄取,在微粒体
First, the carcinogenic process of chemical substances Carcinogenesis of cells takes a long time, the curve of smoking and lung cancer mortality has only shown correlation after about 20 years, many epidemiological surveys show that the time required for the occurrence of human cancer is 10 to 20 Years, animal carcinogenesis experiments for at least 6 months, generally takes more than 1 year, therefore, to clarify the changes that have taken place in cells within such a long time, it is not easy to find out the mechanism. However, the carcinogenic process can be divided into several stages for research. The first stage of chemical carcinogenesis is metabolism. Carcinogens produced in the environment or in the body are taken up by cells in microsomes