高职大学生在认知方面总体上较好,但个体差异颇大,一些认知能力较差的学生存在这样或那样的认知问题,其产生的根本原因,常常与社会环境、接受教育状况、自身世界观、经济条件等诸多方面有关,表现形式多样,自我贬低型、自我膨胀型、自我中心型、自我冲突型与自我茫然型较为常见。根据认知存在的问题,分别采取全面引导学生、热情帮助学生、因人进行施教、做到有的放矢、重视个例施教等方式,以期提高其认知水平,端正其价值观。 Vocational college students generally better in cognitive aspects, but the individual differences are quite large. Some students with poor cognitive abilities have such or some cognitive problems. The root causes are often related to the social environment, education status, Its own world outlook, economic conditions and many other aspects related to various forms of expression, self-deprecating, self-inflating, self-centered, self-conflict and self-confusion type is more common. According to the existing problems of cognition, we should adopt the methods of guiding students, helping students enthusiastically, teaching people according to their own needs, and focusing on teaching cases to improve their cognitive level and correct their values.