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一、绪言特殊钢的生产要耗费大量能源,而能源开发又需用大量的特殊钢,二者是相辅相成,互相促进的。能源是社会发展的重要物质基础。为了国民经济发展和人民生活水平的进一步提高,要开发能源,亦就要大力发展特殊钢。据美国预测,从80年代开始,能源结构要经历二个过渡时期才能摆脱目前过份依赖日益枯竭的石油与天然气的紧张局面,进入无穷尽新能源的历史时期:第一个过渡时期预计从1985—2000年由汽油为主过渡到以核裂变与煤(包括液化、气化)为主的过渡型能源结构。第二个过渡时期由2000年以后开始再过渡到核裂变(增殖堆),核聚变与大规模太阳能为主的无穷尽的新能源时期。能源开发的转变,促使特殊钢生产要适
I. INTRODUCTION The production of special steel consumes a large amount of energy, and the energy development requires a large amount of special steel. The two are mutually reinforcing and mutually reinforcing. Energy is an important material basis for social development. In order to further develop the national economy and improve people’s living standards, it is necessary to vigorously develop special steel to develop energy sources. According to the U.S. forecast, from the 1980s onwards, the energy structure will have to go through two transitional periods before it can get rid of the over-reliance on an increasingly depleted oil and natural gas tension and enter a historic period of inexhaustible new energy sources: the first transitional period is expected to begin in 1985 In 2000, the transition from gasoline mainly to transitional energy structures dominated by nuclear fission and coal (including liquefaction and gasification). The second transitional period starts from 2000 after another transition to a period of new energy such as nuclear fission (breeder reactor), nuclear fusion and large-scale solar energy. The transformation of energy development, to promote special steel production should be appropriate