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近年来,许多学者致力于市民社会理论的研究,部分学者还提出了建立当代中国市民社会的构想。为了让人们记住市民社会研究中的历史教训,本文就马克思对市民社会的态度进行探讨。文章首先从思想史的视界来分析,马克思新世界观的理论起点是市民社会研究。我们认为,马克思之所以研究市民社会,的确是因为他认识到了使命社会的重要性。从逻辑上看,重要并不意味着认可,所以,文章接下来分析了马克思对市民社会的彻底批判———经济学研究。最后,本文论证了马克思新世界观诞生的出发点是源于对市民社会及其理论的批判。
In recent years, many scholars have devoted themselves to the study of civil society theory, and some scholars have also proposed the idea of establishing a contemporary Chinese civil society. In order to make people remember the historical lessons in civil society research, this article discusses the attitude of Marx to civil society. The article first analyzes from the perspective of the history of ideas. The theoretical starting point of Marx’s new world outlook is civil society research. We think that Marx did study civil society precisely because he recognized the importance of a mission society. Logically, the important does not mean recognition, therefore, the article next analyzes Marx’s thorough criticism of civil society - economics. Finally, this article argues that the starting point of Marx’s birth of a new world view comes from the critique of civil society and its theory.