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随着城市建设的发展,建筑物的集中建设逐渐成为城市地面沉降的主要因素。建筑密度越大,建筑容积率越高,地面沉降越显著。出现这种现象的原因是大量的以一定间距分布的建筑物荷载所引起的附加应力在地层中一定深度处迭加,其效果相当于对以下土层施加了一个大面积的连续分布的等效影响荷载。首先对已有建筑物进行统计分析,研究其间距统计规律,发现建筑物间距在东西方向上服从Gamma分布,在南北方向上服从对数正态分布。在此基础上按实际统计规律生成建筑物位置,将建筑物荷载简化为线荷载和集中荷载计算地基中的附加应力。结果表明,地基土层中附加应力在大约等于建筑物平均间距的深度处已基本重叠,能够形成均布的等效影响荷载。有关分析对城市建设规划具有一定参考意义。
With the development of urban construction, the centralized construction of buildings gradually becomes the main factor of urban land subsidence. The greater the building density, the higher the building volume ratio, the more significant the land subsidence. The reason for this phenomenon is that a large number of additional stresses due to building loads distributed at a certain pitch are superimposed at a certain depth in the formation to an effect equivalent to applying a large-area continuous distribution equivalent Affect the load. First of all, statistical analysis of existing buildings to study the statistical rules of its spacing and found that building spacing in the east-west obey Gamma distribution in the north-south direction obey the lognormal distribution. On this basis, according to the actual statistical law, the building location is generated and the building load is reduced to the linear stress and the concentrated load to calculate the additional stress in the foundation. The results show that the additional stress in the subsoil has basically overlapped at the depth approximately equal to the average spacing of the buildings, and the uniform equivalent influencing load can be formed. The analysis of urban construction planning has some reference value.