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十六世纪到明末的一百多年间,欧洲葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、意大利等国沿着印度洋新航线来到中国,中国人因此开始了直接接触和认识欧洲的历程。本文梳理明季中国人对于欧洲史地的认知程度以及对于葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、意大利四国形象的最初认识,并在此基础上揭示:明季中国人欧洲认识具有“新知与讹误相混杂”、“疏离西方宗教神学”以及“沉湎于传统帝国最后的文化优越感”等等特点。
During the more than one hundred years from the 16th century to the end of the Ming Dynasty, countries such as Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and Italy traveled to China along the new Indian Ocean routes. As a result, Chinese people started to have direct contact with and understand Europe. This essay sorts out the Chinese people ’s cognition of the European history in the Ming Dynasty and their original understanding of the images of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy. On this basis, it reveals that the understanding of the European people in the Ming Dynasty is “mixed with new knowledge and corruption” “Alienation of Western Religious Theology ” and “Sinking in the Last Empire of Traditional Culture ” and so on.