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湄公河上游以大型水电大坝和水库建设、大型灌溉计划及快速的城镇发展为形式的迅猛开发正将水资源置于压力之下。近来的研究得出的结论是,这些开发将导致湄公河流量的变化。这些流量变化通过改变这个湖泊的洪水脉动系统会威胁到敏感的河流下游,尤其是洞里萨河、洞里萨湖、其泛滥平原、其河道长廊林及保护区。本文估计了由于前面述及的流量变化而导致的洞里萨地区洪水脉动参数的变化。利用地理信息系统方法分析了对洪泛区的影响,以及长廊林和保护区损失。旱季湖泊水位相对较小的上升,会永久淹没大得不成比例的泛滥平原面积,使得泛滥平原的植被不能达到这里,并损害生态系统的生产力基础。为保护洞里萨湖的生态系统生产力,保持湄公河的天然水文格局,尤其是保持旱季水位是十分重要的。
The rapid development in the upper Mekong River in the form of large hydropower dams and reservoirs, large-scale irrigation schemes and rapid urban development is putting pressure on water resources. Recent research has concluded that these developments will result in changes in Mekong flow. These changes in flow rates threaten sensitive downstream rivers, especially the Tonle Sap, Tonle Sap, its flood plains, its promenade and protected areas by altering the flood pulsation system of this lake. This paper estimates the variation of flood pulsation parameters in Tonle Sap caused by the above-mentioned flow changes. The impact of the floodplain, as well as the loss of promenades and reserves, was analyzed using GIS methods. The relatively small rise in lake water levels in the dry season permanently inundates a disproportionately large area of flood plains, rendering flood plain vegetation unattainable and undermining the ecosystem productivity base. In order to preserve the ecosystem productivity of the Tonle Sap Lake, it is important to maintain the natural hydrology of the Mekong, especially the dry season.