论文部分内容阅读
心理学史家墨菲指出,心理学的发展和“时代精神”有着密切的关联。面对环境持续恶化,生态灾难频发,许多心理学家开始在心理学研究中引入生态学的效度,重新思考人与自然的关系,试图揭示生态危机的心理根源。心理学研究的生态学取向最早可追溯到20世纪40年代。格式塔心理学家勒温、机能主义心理学家布伦瑞克,就已注意到心理研究要与生态环境相联系,并试图在现实环境中研究人的行为、心理以及与环境的关系。后来经过吉布森、奈瑟、巴克等人的进一步研究,
Psychologist Murphy pointed out that the development of psychology and “spirit of the times ” are closely linked. Faced with the continuous deterioration of the environment and frequent ecological disasters, many psychologists began to introduce ecological validity in psychology research and rethink the relationship between man and nature in an attempt to reveal the psychological root causes of ecological crisis. The ecological orientation of psychology research can be traced back to the 1940s. Gestalt psychologist Lewin, functionalist psychologist Braunschweig, has noticed that psychological research should be related to the ecological environment, and try to study human behavior, psychology and the relationship with the environment in the real environment. Later, after further research by Gibson, Neil, Buck and others,