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强度和耐久性是混凝土的两大基本性能。重要的水土混凝土建筑物,正常使用年限应达到80—100年,耐久性显得尤其重要。建国以来,我国兴建了大量水利工程,随着运行年限的增加,混凝土的老化和病害问题日益突出。病害种类有裂缝,泥砂磨损、气蚀、水质腐蚀、冻融、渗漏溶蚀、混凝土炭化和钢筋锈蚀七大类,其中裂缝是水工建筑物普遍存在的病害问题。据1980年湖北省水利部门对241个水利水电工程进行的病害调查,共有1,000起工程事故,其中裂缝事故就占了25.3％;1985年又
Strength and durability are two basic properties of concrete. Important water and soil concrete buildings, normal life expectancy should reach 80-100 years, durability is particularly important. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, a large number of water conservancy projects have been built in our country. With the increase of operational years, the aging and disease problems of concrete are becoming increasingly prominent. There are seven types of diseases including cracks, sand abrasion, cavitation, water erosion, freeze-thaw, seepage erosion, concrete carbonization and steel corrosion. Among them, cracks are common diseases of hydraulic structures. According to a survey of diseases carried out by the water conservancy department of Hubei Province in 241 hydroelectric projects in 1980, a total of 1,000 engineering accidents occurred, of which 25.3% were caused by cracks. In 1985,