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中国经济发展已经进入新常态阶段,面临促进新旧动力转换和加快经济新动力形成的重大问题。工业高端化发展和新型工业化是经济新动力形成的核心支撑和主要来源,其中传统制造业转型升级以及高新技术产业和战略性新兴产业发展壮大所带来的生产率提升和高质量投资,将为中国GDP可持续增长提供关键的支撑作用。中国制造业部门劳动生产率与发达国家存在巨大差距,具有较强的生产效率追赶效应。经测算,以2010年不变人民币价格计算,2016—2020年中国制造业劳动生产率提升每年对GDP的直接拉动规模约为1.5—2.0万亿元,其中生产装备制造业的发展对GDP的直接拉动效应最大,传统制造业转型升级的拉动效应次之,因此短期内传统产业的转型升级仍将是中国经济新动力的主要来源之一,应成为改革的着力点和发力点。当前中国工业部门中经济新旧动力的转换和新动力的形成仍面临众多体制和机制性障碍因素的束缚和制约,应在明确相应改革突破口的基础上全面深化改革,完善实施制造业立国战略和创新驱动发展战略的外部市场环境和激励机制。
China’s economic development has entered a new normal phase and is facing major problems of promoting the transformation of old and new motives and accelerating the formation of a new impetus to the economy. Industrial high-end development and new-type industrialization are the core support and major sources of new economic impetus. The productivity improvement and high-quality investment brought by the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries as well as the growth and development of high-tech industries and strategic emerging industries will be China’s Sustainable GDP growth provides the key support. There is a huge gap between the labor productivity of China’s manufacturing sector and that of developed countries, with a strong catching-up effect of production efficiency. According to the calculation, according to the constant RMB price in 2010, the annual pulling rate of China’s labor productivity in 2016-2020 will be about 1.5-2.0 trillion yuan per annum, of which the development of manufacturing equipment manufacturing industry will directly stimulate GDP The effect is the largest, and the second is the pulling effect of the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries. Therefore, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries will remain one of the major sources of China’s new dynamism in the near future, and should become the focus and point of force for reform. At present, the transformation of the new and old engines of economy and the formation of new impetus in the industrial sector in China are still confronted with many constraints and constraints on institutional and institutional obstacles. We should deepen the reform comprehensively on the basis of clearly defining the corresponding breakthroughs in reform and improve the implementation of the strategy of establishing the nation’s manufacturing industry and innovation External market environment and incentive mechanism driving development strategy.