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为了巩固政治统治的合法性基础,南京国民政府在抗战前的10年中,实施了农业科技改良,但由于其未能切实履行政府职能,提供安定的社会环境,使农业科研工作的开展和成果的推广缺乏起码的条件;由于关税不能实现自主,对外国商品倾销的阻遏作用十分有限,科技改良的成果被大大抵消,农民参与农业科技改良的积极性受到严重挫伤;对农业投入严重不足,使人才的积聚和研究工作的开展存在难以冲决的藩篱,使改良缺乏技术支撑和社会基础;因为得不到政府的扶持,农业科技和教育事业发展滞后,结果导致农民文化素质低下,使其缺乏改良的动力,也阻碍了科技对农业发展促进作用的发挥;而平衡各阶层利益的公共政策的缺乏则使改良的成果为少数人所独占,广大农民投身改良的热情被消解。总之,使农业科技改良面临诸多非技术障碍,陷入严重的困境,更未能实现“复兴农村”的初衷。
In order to consolidate the legitimacy foundation of political rule, the Nanjing National Government implemented the reform of agricultural science and technology in the ten years before the war of resistance against Japan. However, due to its failure to effectively perform its government functions and provide a stable social environment, the Nanjing National Government carried out the work and achievements of agricultural scientific research The promotion of the lack of minimum conditions; due to tariffs can not be independent, the inhibition of foreign commodity dumping is very limited, the results of scientific and technological improvements have been greatly offset the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in agricultural science and technology to be severely damaged; a serious lack of input into agriculture, Because of the lack of technical support and social foundation for improvement, lack of government support, the development of agricultural science and technology and education lagged behind, resulting in poor cultural quality of farmers and their lack of improvement However, the lack of public policies to balance the interests of all social strata has resulted in the improvement of the fruits of the monopoly by the minority and the enthusiasm of the broad masses of peasants in improving themselves. In short, the improvement of agricultural science and technology faces many non-technical obstacles and falls into grave difficulties, failing to achieve the original intention of “rejuvenating the rural areas.”