目的：为蝶窦冲洗及内窥镜术提供解剖学基础。方法：在６０侧成人头部正中矢状切面标本上解剖、观测了蝶窦口等结构。结果：蝶窦口内径２．１±０．３ｍｍ，距鼻小柱前下缘５８．６±３．８ｍｍ，距鼻腔底３５．１±４．３ｍｍ，距颈内动脉海绵体部中段１８．９±２．０ｍｍ，距视神经１５．９±１．８ｍｍ。结论：进行蝶窦冲洗时应注意蝶窦口的位置、角度；进行蝶窦内窥镜手术时应注意蝶窦口与周围结构的关系。 Objective: To provide an anatomical basis for sphenoid sinus irrigation and endoscopy. Methods: An anatomical study was performed on the median sagittal section of adult head at 60 sides. The structure of the sphenoid ostia was observed. Results: The diameter of sphenoid ostium was 2.1 ± 0.3 mm, 58.6 ± 3.8 mm from the anterior edge of the columella, 35.1 ± 4.3 mm from the nasal cavity, and the middle part of the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery. 9 ± 2.0mm, 15.9 ± 1.8mm from the optic nerve. Conclusions: The position and angle of the sphenoid sinus should be noticed during the sphenoid sinus irrigation. The relationship between the sphenoidal ostium and the surrounding structure should be noticed during the sphenoid sinus endoscopic surgery.