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针对含硫天然气管道泄漏人员硫化氢中毒事故,从管道运行、紧急截止阀、泄漏条件和环境四方面分析事故后果影响因素,并确定各个因素的作用。在综合分析管道动态泄漏过程、重气扩散和硫化氢中毒效应的基础上,明确含硫天然气管道泄漏可能产生的室内外最大人员死亡距离。分析表明,管道运行和紧急截止阀影响因素,包括管道压力、管道内径、相邻紧急截止阀间管段长度和低压关断压力,对室内外最大人员死亡距离有直接影响,需建立管道泄漏预防和处置方案,并根据管道周边人员分布情况,采取不同策略予以控制。泄漏条件和环境影响因素,包括泄漏孔径、风速和大气稳定度,具有很大不确定性,共同决定了室内外最大人员死亡距离。推荐采用综合分析方法,在保守分析的基础上指导事故评价和控制工作的开展。
In view of the accident of hydrogen sulfide poisoning in the leakage of sulfur natural gas pipeline personnel, the influencing factors of accident consequences are analyzed from the aspects of pipeline operation, emergency stop valve, leakage condition and environment, and the role of each factor is determined. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic leak process, heavy gas diffusion and hydrogen sulfide poisoning effects, the maximum indoor and outdoor death toll that may be caused by sulfur-containing natural gas pipeline leakage is determined. The analysis shows that the influencing factors of pipeline operation and emergency shut-off valve, including pipeline pressure, pipe diameter, the length of pipe sections between adjacent emergency cut-off valves and the low-pressure shutdown pressure, have a direct impact on the indoor and outdoor maximum death toll and pipeline leakage prevention and Disposal options, and according to the distribution of personnel around the pipe, take different strategies to be controlled. Leakage conditions and environmental factors, including leakage aperture, wind speed and atmospheric stability, are highly uncertain and together determine the maximum indoor-outdoor death toll. It is recommended to adopt a comprehensive analysis method to guide the development of accident evaluation and control on the basis of conservative analysis.