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目的探讨肾移植的临床特点和治疗方法。方法总结1 016例次肾移植患者的临床资料。结果 1 016例次患者累计1、3、5及10年人/肾存活率分别为95.2%/92.6%、87.6%/82.3%、81.5%/77.7%及77.3%/74.8%。高危尿毒症患者476例,1、3、5及10年人/肾存活率分别为92.5%/87.7%、83.1%/76.1%、68.2%/54.5%及62.1%/50.45%,均高于规律治疗的普通尿毒症患者。肾移植术后主要的严重并发症为肺部感染、心功能衰竭及肝功能严重损害,均是肾移植术后死亡的主要原因。肾移植术后恶性肿瘤发生率为2.6%。结论尸体肾移植有较满意的人/肾存活率。良好的取肾及移植技术、肾移植术后免疫抑制剂的合理应用、对术后并发症的预防和及时治疗是提高肾移植人/肾存活率的重要因素。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of renal transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 1 016 cases of renal transplant recipients were summarized. Results The 1, 3, 5 and 10-year human / kidney survival rates of 1 016 cases were 95.2% / 92.6%, 87.6% / 82.3%, 81.5% / 77.7% and 77.3% / 74.8%, respectively. Among 476 high risk uremic patients, the survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 92.5% / 87.7%, 83.1% / 76.1%, 68.2% / 54.5% and 62.1% / 50.45%, respectively, Treatment of ordinary uremic patients. The main serious complications after renal transplantation are pulmonary infection, heart failure and serious damage to liver function, which are the main causes of death after renal transplantation. The incidence of malignant tumors after renal transplantation was 2.6%. Conclusion There is a satisfactory rate of human / kidney survival in cadaveric kidney transplantation. Good kidney and transplantation technology, the rational application of immunosuppressive agents after renal transplantation, prevention and timely treatment of postoperative complications is an important factor to improve the survival rate of kidney / kidney transplantation.