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商代祭祀先祖、求告上帝,常用动物或人牲献祭。祭牲种类、数量常契刻于卜辞之后。较为常见的祭牲有牛、羊、猪、犬等。从甲骨文材料中有关祭祀使用犬牲的情况来看,犬牲主要用来献祭在商人精神信仰领域具有崇高地位的“四方神”、土地神以及时王父辈、诸母、兄辈等关系较近的亲族,少数情况下用于祭祀洹、岳等自然神和建筑奠基。据此可以认为,犬牲在商代祭祀牺牲中具有较高地位。这种特殊的用牲现象,可能与商人以犬为宠有着直接的关系。
Shang sacrifices to the ancestors, ask God, commonly used animal or human sacrifice. Sacrificial species, often often engraved in the number of divination. The more common sacrificial animals are cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs and so on. Judging from the inscriptions on the use of dog sacrifices in Oracle’s materials, dog sacrifices are mainly used to sacrifice the “Sifang God”, the land god, the king’s father, the mothers, and the elder generation who have a high status in the field of business faith Relatives close relatives, a few occasions for the sacrificial offerings, Yue and other natural gods and construction foundation. From this, we can conclude that dog sacrifices have a higher status in the Sacrificial Sacrifice of Shang Dynasty. This special sacrificial phenomenon may have a direct bearing on the merchant’s pet as a pet.