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测定2341份我国东北地区大豆品种资源5种脂肪酸含量。以亚油酸含量最高,45—62%。平均含量依次为亚油酸>油酸>棕榈酸>亚麻酸>硬脂酸。分析比较结果,各脂肪酸含量,不同种皮色、脐色、结荚习性、叶形和花色品种间存在显著差异。棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量,不同栽培类型、不同粒形品种间有显著差异。硬脂酸、油酸和亚麻酸含量,不同荚熟色品种间差异显著。棕榈酸含量,不同茸毛色品种间差异显著。油酸含量高、亚麻酸含量低的品种类型有:栽培大豆,育成品种,黄种皮,淡褐、褐或黑色脐,园形粒,无限结荚习性,卵园形叶,褐色荚,白花的品种材料。亚油酸含量高的品种类型是:半栽培大豆,地方品种,黑或绿色种皮,黄脐,扁椭形粒,亚有限结荚习性,椭圆或披针形叶,紫花的品种材料。各脂肪酸含量,不同地区品种间差异显著,并有较明显的地区性分布趋势。硬脂酸和油酸含量与脂肪含量分布趋势一致,中部地区品种高,南部北部地区品种低;西部地区品种高,东部地区品种低。棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量与脂肪含量分布趋势相反,中部地区品种低,南部北部品种高;西部地区品种低,东部地区品种高。
The contents of 5 fatty acids in 2341 soybean cultivars in northeastern China were determined. The highest content of linoleic acid, 45-62%. The average contents were linoleic acid> oleic acid> palmitic acid> linolenic acid> stearic acid. The results of analysis showed that there were significant differences among different fatty acids, different seed coat color, umbilical color, pod habit, leaf shape and flower color. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid content, different cultivation types, different grain varieties have significant differences. Stearic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid content, different pods cooked varieties significantly different. Palmitic acid content, different velvet color varieties significantly different. The varieties with high content of oleic acid and low content of linolenic acid are: cultivated soybean, bred cultivar, yellow seed coat, light brown, brown or black navel, garden grain, unlimited pod habit, egg-shaped leaves, brown pod, Variety of materials. Types of varieties with high linoleic acid content are: semi-cultivated soybean, local varieties, black or green seed coat, yellow navel, flat oval grains, sub-limited pod habit, elliptic or lanceolate leaves, purple variety material. Each fatty acid content, significant differences between different regions varieties, and there is a more obvious regional distribution trend. Stearic acid and oleic acid contents are consistent with the trend of fat content distribution. The varieties in the central region are high, the varieties in the northern southern region are low, the varieties in the western region are high, and the varieties in the eastern region are low. The trend of palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid content is opposite to the distribution of fat content. The varieties in the central region are low, the varieties in the northern part of the southern part are high, the varieties in the western part are low, and the varieties in the eastern part are high.