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发作性睡病是临床少见的睡眠-觉醒节律障碍性疾病，表现为白天反复发作的不可遏制的睡眠，常伴猝倒发作、睡眠瘫痪及入睡前幻觉。临床医师对发作性睡病的认识不足是导致误诊和延迟诊断的主要原因之一。癫痫发作类型复杂多样，与发作性睡病易混淆，二者需相互鉴别，且当二者共患病时，诊断和治疗会更加困难。现通过对发作性睡病的临床特征与延迟诊断原因进行分析，总结发作性睡病与癫痫的鉴别要点及共患病的诊治经验，以提高临床医师对发作性睡病及其与癫痫共患病的认识，改善患者的预后及生活质量。“,”Narcolepsy is a rare sleep-wake rhythm disorder in clinic practice, mainly characterized by recu-rrent unstoppable sleep during the day and often accompanied by cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations.Clinicians′ insufficient knowledge about narcolepsy is one of the main causes of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis.Moreover, narcolepsy may get easily confused by epilepsy because of complex and diverse types of epileptic seizures.Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish the two forms each other.When they are comorbidity, the diagnosis and treatment will be much more difficult.In this article, the clinical characteristics of narcolepsy and the causes of delayed diagnosis were analyzed, differential diagnosis between narcolepsy and epilepsy was investigated, and practical expe-rience in diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities were summarized, so as to raise clinicians′ awareness of narcolepsy and its comorbidity with epilepsy and improve patients′ prognosis and their quality of life.