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①目的积累国人椎枕肌的解剖学资料。②方法大体解剖与显微解剖相结合的方法，在２０例４０侧成人标本上观察了椎枕肌的形态、血供和神经支配。③结果头后上、下斜肌肌腹长分别为５４．８±５．２ｍｍ和４４．４±５．３ｍｍ，头后大、小直肌肌腹长分别为４９．７±１．０ｍｍ和３２．０±５．４ｍｍ．椎枕肌的血供来源主要为椎动脉的分支，其神经支配则主要来自Ｃ１，２脊神经的后支。④结论该群小肌肉的作用可能主要为协助稳定寰枕及寰枢关节，其次为运动头部。
① Purpose To accumulate the anatomical information of the vertebrae of the Chinese people. Methods The method of gross anatomy and microdissection was used to observe the morphology, blood supply and innervation of the vertebrae in 20 adult specimens of 40 sides. ③ results after the first posterior hypotaxial muscle length were 54.8 ± 5.2mm and 44.4 ± 5.3mm, respectively, after the first large, the rectus abdominis muscle length was 49.7 ± 1.0mm and 32.0 ± 5.4mm. The main source of blood supply for vertebral pillow muscle branches of the vertebral artery, its innervation mainly from the dorsal branch of C1, 2 spinal nerves. ④ Conclusion The role of this group of small muscles may be mainly to help stabilize atlantoaxial and atlantoaxial joint, followed by the head movement.