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对夏季到海滨嬉水的人来说,没有什么比看到一条鲨鱼在海水中游动更使人惊恐的了。但研究鲨鱼的科学家表示,现在该到了忘掉“鲨鱼会吃人”这一说法的时候了,事实上,人类对鲨鱼构成的威胁要远远大于鲨鱼对人类进行的攻击。鲨鱼袭人导致的死亡事件比较罕见,美国佛罗里达州自然历史博物馆《国际鲨鱼攻击档案》汇编的统计数据显示,过去12年里,鲨鱼在美国海岸附近夺去了8个人的生命,在全世界则夺去了88人的生命。但人类对鲨鱼确实构成了威胁。在地球上生活了大约4.5亿年之后,鲨鱼目前正在面临着毁灭性的打击,消费者对鲨鱼肉需求的不断上升,捕鲨技求越来越高。所有这些都远远超出了鲨鱼自身相对缓慢的繁殖能力。包括黑鲨(dusky sharks)、虎鲨(sand tiger sharks)和夜鲨(night sharks)在内的七种鲨鱼成为美国联邦政府濒危物种名单上的候选物种。设在巴尔的摩的“国家水族馆”表示,专家们估计,过去15旱里,鲨鱼数量已经下降了90%。每年有数百万条鲨鱼被商业性捕鱼船队杀死,这些船队或者是直接捕捞它们,或者是在捕捞其他海产品时不经意用拖网钓鱼线捕捉到了它们。
There is nothing more frightening than seeing a shark swim in the sea for those who are splashing into the water in the summer. But scientists who study sharks say it’s time to forget about the idea that “sharks will eat,” and in fact the threat that humans pose to sharks is far greater than shark attacks on humans. The death toll from shark attacks is rare. Statistics compiled by the Florida State Museum of Natural History’s International Shark Attack File show that in the past 12 years, sharks claimed the lives of eight people off the coast of the United States, Claimed 88 lives. But humans do pose a real threat to sharks. After 450 million years living on earth, the sharks are currently facing a devastating blow. The demand for shark meat from consumers is on the rise. The shark hunting skills are getting higher and higher. All of this goes far beyond the relatively slow breeding capacity of the shark itself. Seven sharks, including dusky sharks, sand tiger sharks and night sharks, became candidates on the list of endangered species in the United States federal government. The National Aquarium in Baltimore said experts estimate the number of sharks has dropped 90% in the past 15 years. Every year, millions of sharks are killed by commercial fishing fleets that either capture them directly or snatch them on fishing nets to catch other seafood.