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目的比较3岁前有无睡眠障碍孤独症儿童临床症状及发展特点。方法对1999—2006年在北京星星雨教育研究所接受特殊教育的275例孤独症学生进行儿童期孤独症评定量表(CARS)、克氏行为量表(CABS)测量。结果总体上3岁前有过睡眠障碍者症状严重于无睡眠障碍者。2~4岁时,有过睡眠障碍者比无睡眠障碍者病情严重,如有过睡眠障碍者情感、感觉、行为、社交问题均比无睡眠障碍者严重;5~8岁时,两者病情严重程度却比较接近,且有过睡眠障碍患儿情感反应优于无睡眠障碍患儿。结论3岁前有过睡眠障碍者与无睡眠障碍者有着不同的病情发展模式。前者起始症状严重,随后病情进展缓慢;后者起始症状虽然较轻,但病情进展迅速,以至于两类患者在学龄初期时病情严重程度基本相当。
Objective To compare the clinical features and developmental characteristics of children with autism before sleep 3 years old. Methods A total of 275 autistic children with special education from Beijing Xingxingyu Institute of Education from 1999 to 2006 were surveyed by CARS and CABS. Results Overall, those with sleep disorders before the age of 3 had severe symptoms without sleep disorders. 2 to 4 years old, those with sleep disorders than those without sleep disorders have serious illness, and those who have had sleep disorders have feelings, feelings, behaviors and social problems worse than those without sleep disorders; The severity is relatively close, and children with sleep disorders have better emotional response than children without sleep disorders. Conclusion There were different patterns of disease progression in those with or without sleep disorders before the age of 3 years. The former had a severe initial symptom and subsequently a slow progression of the disease. Although the initial symptoms of the latter were mild, the disease progressed so rapidly that the severity of the illness was similar in both groups.