监测、干预和研究是公共卫生三项基本活动,而监测则又是现代公共卫生活动的基石。作为公共卫生干预和研究的信息或情报系统,疾病监测在公共卫生实践中具有不可或缺的重要功能:通过监测,可以侦测暴发,为突发公共健康事件的及时应对处置做出预警;通过监测,可以测量特定的人群健康问题或危害的严重性,以支持资源分配政策和干预(服务)或项目建立和调整;通过监测,可以观测疾病负担变化趋势,这是评估疾病防控和健康保护政策、措施或项目效果的重要证据;通过监测,可以发现疾病重要特征的变化或异常,为开展深入 Surveillance, intervention and research are three basic public health activities, and monitoring is the cornerstone of modern public health activities. As an information or intelligence system for public health interventions and research, disease surveillance plays an integral and essential role in public health practice: surveillance can detect outbreaks and provide early warning of timely responses to public health emergencies; Monitoring can measure the severity of health problems or hazards in a particular population in support of resource allocation policies and interventions (services) or project establishment and adjustment; surveillance can be used to monitor trends in disease burden as an indicator of disease control and health protection Policies, measures or project effectiveness of the important evidence; through monitoring, you can find the important characteristics of disease changes or abnormalities, in-depth