采用 Griffing( 6-2 )对 3个推广品种和 3个大穗材料的配合力与遗传力分析 ,结果表明 :( 1 )株高、小穗数以加性效应为主 ,遗传力高 ;不孕籽以非加性效应为主 ,遗传力低 ;其余性状 GCA与 SCA方差均达显著或极显著水平 ,主穗粒数、穗长遗传力高 ,抽穗期中等 ,单株穗数、单株产量低。 ( 2 ) 1 0 5-2 -3-6的穗长、主穗粒数、小穗数的 gi最高 ,Vsi最高 ,F1 正向超亲显性或部分显性 ,有利于作大穗粒多的杂交亲本 ,同时便于早期选择 ;攀 82 0 0 7-1株高、抽穗期 gi最高 ,Vsi最高 ,部分隐性遗传 ,可作早熟、矮杆种质利用 ;兰考 770 2 0 5-9-1是穗长短、主穗粒数多、分蘖少的矮杆密穗小麦资源。 ( 3)新春 6号× 1 0 5-2 -3-6是一个较好的杂交组合 Griffing (6-2) was used to analyze the combining ability and heritability of three popularized varieties and three big-ear cultivars. The results showed that: (1) the plant height and the number of spikelets were mainly additive effects with high heritability; Pregnancy seeds were mainly non-additive, with low heritability. The variance of GCA and SCA of the other traits reached significant or extremely significant level. The main grains per spike, high spike length, medium heading stage, Low Yield. (2) The spike length, the number of main spikelets and the spikelet number of 10 05-2 -3-6 were the highest, Vsi was the highest, and F1 was super-dominant or partially dominant positive Panicle more hybrid parents, and facilitate the early selection; climbing 82 0 0 7-1 plant height, heading stage gi highest, Vsi highest, some recessive, can be used for early maturing, dwarf germplasm utilization; Lankao 770 2 0 5 -9-1 is the spike length, the main spike grain number, less tiller short stalk spike wheat resources. (3) New Year 6 × 105-2-3-6 is a better hybrid combination