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目的分析辽宁省2005-2007年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征和影响HFRS发病的环境因素,为制定HFRS防制措施提供科学依据。方法收集辽宁省HFRS疫情资料,对流行特征及其与平均气温、相对湿度、降雨量、日照、城市鼠密度、农村鼠密度和鼠带病毒率等因素进行相关性分析。结果 2005-2007年全省HFRS共发病7298例,死亡78例。年平均发病率为5.78/10万,死亡率为0.06/10万;男性发病率和死亡率均高于女性;发病和死亡主要分布于35~60岁年龄组,分别占总数的59.55%和69.23%;发病和死亡病例主要为农民,分别占总数的61.98%和56.41%;发病高峰主要在11月至次年1月和3-5月,7-10月呈现低谷期,具有混合型疫区的季节特点;年平均发病率较高的是本溪、葫芦岛、锦州、丹东和抚顺市,分别为13.70/10万、12.92/10万、11.30/10万、10.21/10万和9.84/10万。HFRS的发病与气温呈负相关,与降雨量、农村鼠密度及带病毒率呈正相关,Spearman秩相关系数分别为-0.351、0.400、0.449和0.377,P值分别为0.023、0.009、0.003和0.016。结论辽宁省HFRS主要流行于冬春季,主要发病人群为男性青壮年农民。该病的流行与当年气温、降雨量、农村鼠密度及带病毒率密切相关。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the environmental factors affecting the incidence of HFRS from 2005 to 2007 in Liaoning Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of HFRS control measures. Methods The epidemic data of HFRS in Liaoning Province were collected and the epidemiological characteristics and their relationship with the average temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, sunshine, urban rat density, rural rat density and rat virus were analyzed. Results From 2005 to 2007, the total number of HFRS in the province was 7298, with 78 deaths. The average annual incidence was 5.78 / 100 000, the death rate was 0.06 / 100 000; the morbidity and mortality of males were higher than that of females; morbidity and mortality were mainly distributed in the age group of 35-60 years, accounting for 59.55% and 69.23 %. The main morbidity and mortality were peasants, accounting for 61.98% and 56.41% of the total, respectively. The peak incidence peak was mainly from November to January and March to May and from July to October, with a mixed type of epidemic area The annual average incidence was higher in Benxi, Huludao, Jinzhou, Dandong and Fushun City, which were 13.70 / 100000, 12.92 / 100000, 11.30 / 100000, 10.21 / 100000 and 9.84 / 100000 . The incidence of HFRS was negatively correlated with air temperature, and positively correlated with rainfall, rural rat density and viral load. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients were -0.351, 0.400, 0.449 and 0.377 respectively, P values were 0.023, 0.009, 0.003 and 0.016 respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of HFRS in Liaoning province was mainly in winter and spring, and the main incidence of HFRS was male young farmer. The prevalence of the disease is closely related to the year’s temperature, rainfall, rural rat density and virus-borne rates.