我国海底管道有单层、双层等多种结构型式,遍布中国各个海域,地理条件、海况环境复杂多变,许多海底管道处于中后期服役阶段,甚至部分管道已经临近乃至超过原设计寿命。地基变化、介质腐蚀、地质灾害、海流冲淘、第三方破坏等都会损伤管道。一旦发生管道破损,就有可能导致油气输送中断、油气泄露等事件,不仅造成油气田停产,还有可能成为溢油事故的“元凶”。将安全隐患消除在萌芽状态已经成为 China’s submarine pipelines have single-layer, double-layer and other types of structures throughout China’s various sea areas. Geographical conditions and sea conditions are complex and changeable. Many submarine pipelines are in the mid-to-late stage of service, and some of the pipelines are approaching or even surpassing original design lifetimes. Changes in the foundation, media erosion, geological disasters, scouring of the currents, third-party damage, etc. can damage the pipeline. In the event of pipeline damage, it may lead to the interruption of oil and gas transport, oil and gas leaks and other incidents, not only resulted in the shutdown of oil and gas fields, oil spill may also become “culprit.” The elimination of security risks in the bud has become