骨髓间充质干细胞是一群存在于骨髓中的非造血干细胞,具有较强的自我更新能力和多向分化潜能,在体外不同的诱导条件下可分化为骨细胞、软骨细胞、肌腱细胞、脂肪细胞、神经细胞、平滑肌细胞等多种细胞。骨髓间充质干细胞的应用是目前国际上神经系统疾病领域中重要的研究内容,具有广泛的临床应用前景。近年来,许多实验室从分子、生化、物理等水平对其向神经细胞分化调控进行了深入研究,取得了较大的进展。 Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are a group of non-hematopoietic stem cells that exist in the bone marrow, have strong self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential, and can differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, tendon cells and adipocytes under different inducing conditions in vitro , Nerve cells, smooth muscle cells and other cells. The application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is an important research field in the field of neurological diseases in the world at present, and has a wide range of clinical application prospects. In recent years, many laboratories from the molecular, biochemical, physical and other levels of its regulation of neural cells conducted in-depth study and made great progress.