目的观察Ｈｐ感染对胃溃疡（ＧＵ）患者胃粘膜上皮细胞增殖与凋亡的影响，进而对溃疡发生机制进行探讨．方法标本取自内镜下胃粘膜活检，细胞凋亡检测采用Ｔｕｎｅｌ方法，细胞增殖检测采用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ方法测定增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）．结果ＧＵＨｐ＋患者细胞凋亡指数（ＡＩ）明显高于Ｈｐ－患者（Ｐ＜００５），但比较两者的增殖细胞指数（ＰＣＮＡＬＩ），无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）；慢性浅表性胃炎Ｈｐ＋患者ＡＩ，ＰＣＮＡＬＩ明显高于Ｈｐ－患者（Ｐ＜００５），ＧＵＨｐ＋患者的ＡＩ／ＰＣＮＡＬＩ比值为１５４１，明显高于其他各组（Ｐ＜００５）．结论Ｈｐ感染能诱导ＧＵ患者胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡增加，出现细胞凋亡与细胞增殖平衡失调，促进溃疡形成 Objective To observe the effect of Hp infection on gastric epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis in patients with gastric ulcer (GU), and to explore the mechanism of ulcer. Methods The specimens were obtained from endoscopic gastric mucosal biopsy. Tunel method was used to detect apoptosis. PCNA was detected by immunohistochemical LSAB method. Results The apoptosis index (AI) in patients with GUHp + was significantly higher than that in Hp - patients (P <005). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in proliferating cell index (PCNALI) (P> 0.05). The AI ​​and PCNA-LI of patients with chronic superficial gastritis were significantly higher than those of Hp-patients (P <005). The AI ​​/ PCNALI ratio of GUHp + patients was 1541, significantly higher than other groups 05). Conclusions Hp infection can induce gastric mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis in GU patients, which may lead to imbalance of cell apoptosis and cell proliferation and promote the formation of ulcer