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周公是中国文化史上一位被圣化的艺术形象。本文以历代学者的《豳风》阐释为考察中心,对周公形象被圣化的进程及其特点作初步考察。周公形象被圣化,有其历史事实基础,更有历代文人学者的推助。其中,历代学者在阐释《诗经·豳风》诗篇时,往往本着各自的政治理想、人生态度对周公形象不断加以丰富发展,层累叠加,最终造就了一个圣化而远离历史真实的周公形象。这一形象主要呈现出六大特征:深谙农事,体恤下民;亲力亲为,及时平叛;稳定社稷,大义灭亲;娴于礼治、万世楷模;无论朝野,均受拥戴;身被流言,处乱不惊。这样的周公形象,实际上寄托了历代文人学者对圣君贤臣的理想与期盼,具有丰富的历史文化蕴涵。
Zhou Gong is a sanctified art image in the history of Chinese culture. This essay, based on the “breeze of the wind” of ancient scholars as the research center, makes a preliminary study of the process and characteristics of the sanctuary image of Zhou Gong. The image of Zhou Gong was sanctified, with historical factual basis and more impetus from literary scholars and scholars of different ages. Among them, the ancient scholars often interpret the poem of the Book of Songs, which often enriches the image of the Duke of Zhou with their own political ideals and life attitudes, and finally creates an image of the Duke of Zhou that is sanctified and far away from the historical realities . This image is mainly characterized by six major characteristics: well versed in farming, compassionate people; personally, in a timely manner counter-insurgency; stability of the boat, righteousness destroy pro; Xiangyu rule, a model of the world; both ruling and opposition, are subject to support; shock. Such a public image of the Zhou dynasty has in fact placed the ideal and expectation of the wise men and the great princes of ancient dynasties scholars with rich historical and cultural connotations.