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近十年来,一些宇宙飞船成功地接触到了火星、水星、金星、木星和土星。这些飞船都使用了一些独立的机上计算机,其中许多结构非常简单。为了最大限度地提高可靠性,并将功耗和体积减至最小程度。计算机上的元件数量限制到最小范围。随着微处理机和 VLSI 的发展,为宇宙飞船专门设计的小型计算机的时代正在结束。这种技术不久将能在这些宇宙飞船所利用的、严格的实际要求范围内,提供高性能的飞船计算能力。本文扼要叙述了用于行星宇宙飞船的计算机的发展,并简单介绍了一些实现这些计算机时所用的最新方法和出现的问题。
In the past decade, some spacecraft have successfully touched Mars, Mercury, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. These spacecraft use a number of independent onboard computers, many of which are very simple. To maximize reliability and minimize power consumption and size. The number of components on the computer is limited to a minimum. With the advent of microprocessors and VLSIs, the era of small computers specifically designed for spacecraft is coming to an end. This technology will soon be able to provide high-performance spacecraft computing power within the rigors of practical requirements utilized by these spacecraft. This article outlines the development of computers for use in planetary spacecraft and outlines some of the latest methods and problems that have been encountered in implementing these computers.