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「AはBほどC(ない)」句式的基本特征是比较主体A和比较基准B形式上的不对称,主要分为省略性不对称、词性不对称、语境性不对称,不对称的部分可以通过句内信息或语境信息找回。基本语义是描述比较主体A和比较基准B在某一共同点上的差异或差距。语用意义表现为传达反预期的信息,主要体现为与说话人、听话人或某一特定的言语集体的预期相反。
The basic characteristic of the sentence pattern of “A は B ほ ど C (な い)” is the comparison of formal asymmetries between subject A and comparative basis B, which are mainly divided into ellipsis asymmetry, part-of-speech asymmetry, contextual asymmetry, asymmetry Some can be retrieved through the sentence or context information. The basic semantics is to describe the differences or gaps in the comparison of subject A with baseline B over a certain common ground. The pragmatic meaning is expressed as the communication of anticipatory information, which is mainly reflected in the opposite of the expectation of the speaker, hearer or a specific speech group.