中国是较早引进公民投票理论和制度的国家之一。五四时期,包括公民投票在内的各种民主思潮风行一时,孙中山的直接民权学说是其中的杰实代表。民初联省自治运动是我国公民投票的首次实践,全民参与制宪是其主要标志。南京国民政府时期,公民投票制度在形式上纳入国家宪政体制,并在县级以下的地方自治中得到有限度的实施。 China was one of the countries that introduced the theory and system of referendum earlier. During the May 4th Movement, various democratic trends including the referendum prevailed. Sun Yat-sen’s doctrine of direct civil rights was one of the outstanding representatives of the field. The exercise of self-government in the early Republic of China during the early Republican China was the first practice of our country’s citizens to vote. The participation of the general public in the constitution-making was the main symbol. During the period of the Nanjing National Government, the system of referendum was formally incorporated into the constitutional system of the country and was implemented to a limited extent in the local autonomy of the county level.