邓小平建设特区的思想是有中国特色社会主义理论的组成部分,又是对马克思主义理论的发展,并赋予时代的特色。 (一)举办经济特区的理论准备 社会主义国家兴办经济特区是件前人未干过的新生事物。举办经济特区有否理论依据?是否“离经叛道”?这是首先要回答的问题。在党的十一届三中全会前夕,在“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的全国性大讨论后,人们的思想大解放,我国著名的经济学家于光远带领中国社会科学院考察团,赴港考察房地产业,从马克思的“级差理论”受到启发,曾提出“可考虑在深圳划出一块地方,对人员往来实行特别的管理,那么深圳的‘级差地租理论’就会大大提高。不说别的,只说建房卖给香港人住,我们就可得到一种特别利益”,“增加级差地租的收入,自然为社会主义国家所有”。这些见解,虽未提出办特区的构想,但已闪耀出“办特区”的思想光辉。在中共广东省委的领导下,率先组织广东理论界翻阅了许多马列主义经典著作,除了马克思、恩格斯关于随着资本主义生产力的发展,社会生产和消费日益国际化的思想外,最引人注目和兴趣的是列宁在苏联“新经济政策”时期,关于“利用资本主义建设社会主义”的思想,这是苏联“新技 Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on the construction of the special zone is an integral part of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is also the development of Marxist theory and the characteristics of the times. (1) Theoretical preparations for organizing special economic zones The establishment of special economic zones by socialist countries is a new-born thing that no one has ever done before. Is there any theoretical basis for holding a special economic zone? Is it “deviant”? This is the first question to be answered. On the eve of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, people have greatly liberated their minds after the nationwide discussion that “practice is the sole criterion for testing truth,” and the famous Chinese economist Yu Guangyuan led a delegation from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. To study real estate in Hong Kong, inspired by Marx’s theory of “differential theory,” he proposed that “we should consider drawing a place in Shenzhen and implementing special management of personnel exchanges, so that the theory of differential rent in Shenzhen will be greatly improved. To say anything else, to say that building a home and sell it to Hong Kong residents will give us a special interest. ”“ Increasing the income from differential rent will naturally be owned by the socialist countries. ” Although these views have not yet put forward the idea of ​​setting a special zone, they have already shined their brilliant ideas of “running a special zone.” Under the leadership of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee, the first organization of the Guangdong theoretical community has read many of the Marxist-Leninist classics, except Marx and Engels, which are most notable except for the idea of ​​increasingly internationalized social production and consumption with the development of capitalist productivity And what he is interested in is Lenin’s idea of ​​“building socialism by capitalism” during the Soviet “New Economic Policy.” This is a new technology