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目的:从堆肥样品中分离具有生防作用的放线菌,并对其进行菌种鉴定及对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的盆栽防治效果进行研究。方法:采用稀释涂布法分离堆肥样品中的放线菌,采用混菌法和牛津杯法研究堆肥样品中放线菌的抑菌活性,根据形态观察、生理生化特性和16S r DNA分析对抗菌活性较强的菌株进行菌种鉴定,并研究该菌株的盆栽防治效果。结果:从堆肥样品中共分离到放线菌31株,有3株放线菌对指示菌株具有抑制作用;其中放线菌DF02菌株对供试菌中的5种植物病原真菌均有拮抗作用,且对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制作用较强;盆栽试验结果显示,DF02菌株发酵液上清对番茄灰霉病的保护效果和治疗效果分别是58.47%和53.83%;分类地位研究表明,DF02菌株与Streptomyces neopeptinius最接近,初步将其鉴定为Streptomyces neopeptinius。结论:DF02是一株具有研究开发潜力的生防放线菌菌株,本研究结果为番茄灰霉病的生物防治提供了实验依据。
OBJECTIVE: To isolate actinomycetes with biocontrol effect from composting samples and identify its fungi and control effects on Botrytis cinerea. Methods: The actinomycetes in composting samples were separated by dilution coating method. The antibacterial activities of actinomycetes in compost samples were studied by mixed method and Oxford cup method. According to the morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA analysis, Strong activity of strains for identification of species, and to study the plant’s pot control effect. Results: 31 actinomycetes were isolated from the compost samples, and 3 actinomycetes had inhibitory effect on the indicator strains. Actinomycetes DF02 strains antagonized the five plant pathogenic fungi in the test strains, and The results showed that the protective effect and therapeutic effect of DF02 strain fermentation supernatant on Botrytis cinerea were 58.47% and 53.83%, respectively. The taxonomic status showed that DF02 strain was not associated with Streptomyces neopeptinius is the closest, initially identified as Streptomyces neopeptinius. Conclusion: DF02 is a strain of biocontrol actinomycetes with research and development potential. The results of this study provide experimental evidence for the biological control of Botrytis cinerea.