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目的:探讨寒冷干燥环境下火器伤细菌定量变化及感染发展过程与特征。方法:用40只兔的后肢制作成寒冷干燥环境下枪弹伤模型,对伤后1小时、3小时、6小时、12小时、24小时、48小时、72小时、96小时进行了大体观察和细菌学变化定量检测。结果:伤后24小时内伤道细菌缓慢增加,仅达10~4cfu/g,伤后48小时达引起感染的临界值10~5cfu/g,伤后72小时、96小时为10~6cfu/g,但仍未达10~8cfu/g,结果表明寒冷干燥环境对枪弹伤后伤道组织细菌量变化的影响非常大,寒冷干燥环境下枪弹伤感染速度及感染严重程度都明显低于常温条件下的枪弹伤。结论:寒冷干燥环境下火器伤的救治应有别于常温常湿条件,其早期伤道清创时限可适当放宽。
Objective: To investigate the quantitative changes of bacteria in firearm and the process and characteristics of infection in cold and dry environment. Methods: The gunshot wounds were made in the cold and dry environment with 40 hind limbs of the rabbits. The injuries were observed at 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours after injury. Learning changes quantitative detection. Results: The injured bacteria increased slowly within 24 hours after injury, reaching only 10 ~ 4 cfu / g. After 48 hours, the critical value of infection was 10 ~ 5 cfu / g, after 72 h and 96 h, 10 ~ 6 cfu / g, But still less than 10 ~ 8cfu / g, the results showed that cold and dry environment on the wound tissue after the bullet wound bacterial volume changes are very large, cold and dry environment, the rate of bullet wound infection and infection severity were significantly lower than room temperature Gunshot wounds. Conclusion: The treatment of firearm injuries in cold and dry environment should be distinguished from the normal temperature and humidity conditions. The debridement period of early wounds may be appropriately relaxed.