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目的了解河南省汝州市布鲁氏菌病(布病)高发乡高危人群对布病防治知识的知晓程度及行为习惯等,为开展布病健康教育提供依据。方法应用现况研究中抽样调查的方法,制定调查问卷,用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库,SPSS 16.0软件进行统计描述与危险因素分析。结果本次共调查244人,布病防治知识总体知晓率为29.00%,性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、职业类别、工作年限、牲畜种类、牲畜产地、是否患过布病等因素对高危人群布病防治知识知晓率有影响(P﹤0.05);行为习惯中有“接生过羊羔”、“接触过羊及流产物”、“剥过死羊羔”、“手上有伤口接触牛羊及其制品”、“工作后不洗手直接吃东西”等可能感染布病的高危行为习惯所占的比例分别为50.00%、38.10%、16.40%、40.20%和36.50%,而有工作时戴手套和戴口罩等良好习惯的感染比例仅为5.70%和2.00%。布病防治知识得分和行为习惯得分之间有较弱的正相关性(rs=0.19,P<0.05),随着布病防治知识得分的提高,其行为习惯得分也升高。结论汝州市布病高危人群中布病防治知识知晓率较低,生活及工作中仍存在较高比例的高危行为,提高布病防治知识知晓率,能够改善其高危行为习惯。
Objective To understand the level of awareness and behavioral habits of high risk population of brucellosis in high incidence area of Brucellosis in Ruzhou City, Henan Province, and to provide basis for healthy education on brucellosis. Methods The method of sample survey was used to establish the questionnaire. EpiData 3.1 software was used to establish the database and SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical description and risk factor analysis. Results A total of 244 people were surveyed. The overall awareness rate of prevention and treatment of brucellosis was 29.00%. The factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, educational level, occupational category, working life, livestock type, origin of livestock, (P <0.05); behavioral habit of “birth of lamb ”, “contact with sheep and abortion ”, “stripped of dead lamb ”, “hands There are 50.00%, 38.10%, 16.40%, 40.20% and 36.50% of the high-risk behaviors such as wounds exposed to cattle and sheep and their products ”, “, ”do not wash your hands after work directly eat %, While those with good habits of wearing gloves and wearing masks at work have only 5.70% and 2.00% infections. There was a weak positive correlation between TB control knowledge scores and behavioral habits scores (rs = 0.19, P <0.05). With the increase of knowledge base on prevention and treatment of brucellosis, scores of behavioral habits also increased. Conclusion There is a low awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control among high-risk groups of brucellosis in Ruzhou. There is still a high proportion of high-risk behaviors in life and work. The awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control can be improved and its high-risk behaviors can be improved.