光緒五年(1879年)八月,三口通商大臣崇厚喪權辱國,在克里米亞半島的里瓦幾亞未報經清廷允准即同沙俄私簽了《里瓦幾亞條約》(史稱“崇約”),引發了紫禁城皇帝、朝臣長達一年之久的“廷議”。這場爭論,外緣沙俄、英法的武力和外交高壓,內有階級矛盾和宮廷鬥爭,圍繞和戰、修約、懲處崇厚等問題,搞得 In August of the Guangxu period (1879), three trade ministers, Chonghou, humiliated and humiliated the country. In the case of Lviviaya in the Crimean Peninsula, the Treaty of Livadia was allegedly not signed with the approval of the Qing court, “Chong”), triggered the Forbidden City emperor, courtiers for up to a year of “Ting advice.” In this debate, the outer Russia, the British and French armed forces and the diplomatic high pressure, there are class conflicts and court struggles, around the war, revision, disciplinary Chongwu and other issues,