《初中语文新课程标准》指出:阅读浅易文言文,能借助注释和工具书理解基本内容。我们学习文言文的基本目的是提高阅读文言文的能力。所谓阅读能力,就是指准确理解文言文的能力,而文言文翻译正是全面检测阅读能力的最好方法。我们必须熟练掌握翻译的方法,不断提高阅读能力。做文言文题,我们要遵循的原则是:字字落实,直译为主,意译为辅。直译,指译文要与原文保持对应关系,对句子中的每个字词,只要它有一定的实在意义,就必须字字落实,对号入座。意译,指在直译有困难的地方,从着眼于表达原句的意思出发,在忠于原意的前提下,灵活处理原文的词语和句子结构。 The “New Course Standard for Junior Middle School Chinese Language” pointed out: To read the basic texts of shallow and easy-to-read Chinese, you can understand the basic content with the help of notes and reference books. The basic purpose of our study of classical Chinese is to improve our ability to read classical Chinese. The so-called reading ability refers to the ability to accurately understand classical Chinese, and classical Chinese translation is the best way to comprehensively detect reading ability. We must master the methods of translation and continue to improve our reading ability. The principles that we must follow to do classical Chinese writing are: the implementation of words, direct translation, and free translation. Literal translation means that the translation must maintain a corresponding relationship with the original text. For each word in a sentence, as long as it has a certain practical significance, it must be implemented in the form of a word, and it should be accepted. Paraphrasing refers to the fact that where there are difficulties in literal translation, from the perspective of expressing the meaning of the original sentence, and on the premise of being faithful to the original meaning, the original words and sentence structure can be handled flexibly.