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支气管肺发育不良在极不成熟早产儿中是一种重点关注的疾病。地塞米松通常应用于治疗支气管肺发育不良和预防慢性肺部疾病,它有助于减少对氧气的依赖以及早期拔管,尽管其治疗呼吸系统疾病的长期疗效文献很少记载,但最近研究结果显示预防性应用地塞米松能减少慢性肺部疾病的发生率。然而,这种治疗方法的一些副面效应也有报道,包括葡萄糖不耐受、院内感染危险性增加、胃十二指肠出血以及体重增长延迟的发生,其中一些并发症在生后早期应用地塞米松治疗的患儿中更常见。
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a major concern in very immature premature infants. Dexamethasone is commonly used in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and in the prevention of chronic lung disease. It helps reduce oxygen dependence and early extubation. Although there is little documented long-term efficacy in the treatment of respiratory diseases, dexamethasone has recently been reported Preventive use of dexamethasone is shown to reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease. However, some side effects of this treatment have also been reported, including glucose intolerance, increased risk of nosocomial infections, gastroduodenal hemorrhage, and delayed weight gain, some of which are applied early in the postnatal period Misoprostol is more common in children.