Ⅰ、引言光学数据处理、空间滤波、光学图象识别、光学模拟计算,多年来都是配角而绝不是主角。造成这种情况的原因基本上是工艺有问题。光学处理的潜力是很明显的,它具有二维、实时、高带宽等特点。描述这些相干装置运转的必要的理论即使没有充分理解,也是熟知了的。这不是说光学处理没有突出的成绩。旁视雷达的光学相关器是一个很重要的例子,而在X射线结晶学中,利用光学变换做为模拟计算和教学方法已是极其重要的。最近来看,相干光学在绘图问题上有意义的进展和应用似乎可举作另一个好例子。一段时间以来,光学处理方面工作减少的一个非工艺问题是数字处理方法的飞速发展, I. INTRODUCTION Optical data processing, spatial filtering, optical image recognition and optical simulation have been supporting roles for many years and are by no means the protagonists. The reason for this situation is basically a problem with the process. The potential of optical processing is obvious, with two-dimensional, real-time, high-bandwidth characteristics. The necessary theory to describe the operation of these coherent devices is well known even if not fully understood. This is not to say that optical processing has no outstanding achievements. The optical correlator to look at the radar is a very important example, and in the X-ray crystallography, the use of optical transformation as a simulation and teaching methods has been extremely important. In the recent past, the interesting developments and applications of coherent optics on the graphics issue seem to serve as another good example. A non-technological problem that has been diminished in optical processing for some time has been the rapid development of digital processing methods,