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本文按国际标准建立的鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌和枯草杆菌两种微生物诱变试验方法。对25种药品进行了遗传毒性和潜在致癌性的研究。结果表明:在25种药品中用Ames试验和重组修复试验,共检测出14种药品为阳性结果(正定霉素,环磷酰胺、丝裂霉素C,噻替派、阿糖胞苷、5-氟尿嘧啶、阿的平、灭滴灵、异烟肼、水合氯醛、芫花酯乙、咖啡因、利福平和铬酸),它们可能具有遗传毒性和潜在的致癌性。而去甲斑蟊素、三尖杉酯碱、高三尖杉酯碱、蒿甲醚、苯妥英钠、氯丙嗪、色羟丙钠、炔雌醇、抗坏血酸、速尿和化痔灵等11种药品未发现有类似的遗传毒性。本文研究证明,微生物诱变试验对评价药品的遗传毒性和潜在致癌性是很有用的方法。
This article established by international standards of Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis two microbial mutagenesis test methods. Twenty-five drugs were studied for genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. The results showed that 14 kinds of drugs were positive for Ames test and recombinant repair test in 25 drugs (norethcin, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, thiotepa, cytarabine 5 - Fluorouracil, Alpivudine, Melodrine, Isoniazid, Chloral hydrate, Yuhuai B, Caffeine, Rifampin and Chromic acid), which may be genotoxic and potentially carcinogenic. 11 norcantharidin, harringtonine, homoharringtonine, artemether, phenytoin sodium, chlorpromazine, hyaluronic acid, ethinylestradiol, ascorbic acid, furosemide, Drugs found no similar genotoxicity. This study shows that microbiological mutagenesis test is a useful method to evaluate the genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity of drugs.