抗菌素是由微生物产生的物质,在很低浓度时,即可抑制或杀死其它微生物,用于农业的抗菌素称农用抗菌素。 1928年Fleming发现青霉素以后,随着青霉素在医疗上用途越来越大,抗菌素成为防治人体和动物细菌性疾病的必要手段。1946年发现了对真菌高度活性的抗菌素环己酰亚胺(放线酮)后,使人们认为防治植物病害的抗真菌抗菌素可能变得和防治人类细菌病害的抗菌素一样重要。由于放线酮对植物有一定的药害,所以它的应用受到一定的限制。在美国,用它来防治松树水泡锈病(whiie pine blister rust),樱桃叶斑病(cherry leaf spot)和各 Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that inhibit or kill other microorganisms at very low concentrations. Antibiotics used in agriculture are called agricultural antibiotics. After penicillin was discovered by Fleming in 1928, as penicillin became more and more medically useful, antibiotics became a necessary means of combating bacterial and human diseases in humans and animals. The discovery in 1946 of an antibiotic, cycloheximide, which is highly active against fungi, led to the belief that antifungal antibiotics that control plant diseases may become as important as antimicrobials against human bacterial diseases. As the release of ketone on the plant has some phytotoxicity, so its application is subject to certain restrictions. In the United States, it is used to control whiie pine blister rust, cherry leaf spot and