冬小麦是天水地区栽培的主要粮食作物。历年(1953—1980年,下同)播种面积在三百万亩左右,占粮食作物播种面积的42％;平均亩产130斤,最高的1975年达286斤;常年冬小麦产量占粮食总产的34％,占夏粮总产的80％以上。因此,了解和掌握冬小麦栽培的气候生态特征,进行合理的种植区划,对于趋利避害,发挥气候优势,夺取高产,发展我区的农业生产具有重大意义。冬小麦的气候生态特征 Winter wheat is the main food crop cultivated in Tianshui area. In the past years (from 1953 to 1980, the same below) the sown area was about 3 million mu, accounting for 42% of the sown area of ​​grain crops; the average yield was 130 kg and the highest was 286 kg in 1975; the output of perennial winter wheat accounted for the total grain output 34%, accounting for more than 80% of summer grain output. Therefore, understanding and mastering the climatic and ecological characteristics of winter wheat cultivation and carrying out rational plantation zoning are of great significance to the development of agricultural production in our region in terms of advantages and disadvantages, utilization of climatic advantages, capture of high yields and development of crops. Climate and Ecological Characteristics of Winter Wheat