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光周期信号在昆虫的环境适应中发挥着重要作用,昆虫能够通过感受光周期的变化来调节体内生理生化过程,以适应环境的变化。为明确光周期对中华通草蛉Chrysoperla sinica越冬成虫滞育解除过程中酶活力的影响,本研究测定了长光周期(15L:9D)和短光周期(9L:15D)条件下,成虫体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、Na~+K~+-ATP酶和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)4种重要酶活力的变化。结果表明:中华通草蛉雌、雄成虫CAT活性在长光周期处理5d达最高值后呈下降趋势;短光周期处理CAT活性在处理5d达最高值,且高于长光周期处理,在处理10 d迅速下降至最低值,且均显著低于长光周期处理的CAT活性(P=0.005),后迅速上升并在处理15 d(P<0.05)和20 d(P<0.005)活性显著高于长光周期处理。雌、雄成虫SOD活性在长光周期下处理10d达最高值,且显著高于对照(P<0.001),且除处理5 d雄虫SOD活性与对照无显著性差异外(P=0.558)其余处理活性均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。雌成虫长光周期处理5 d的SOD活性显著低于短光周期(P<0.001),其余处理活性均显著高于短光周期;雄成虫长光周期下处理的SOD活性均高于短光周期下,且处理5 d(P=0.04),15 d(P<0.001)和20d(P=0.003)的活性差异显著。两种光周期条件下雌、雄成虫Na~+K~+-ATP酶活性随处理时间延长呈上升上下降-上升趋势,且均显著高于处理0 d成虫酶活性(P<0.001);短光周期处理不同时间Na~+K~+-ATP酶活性均高于长光周期处理,且除雄成虫处理15 d无显著性差异(P=0.142)外,其余均差异显著(P<0.05)。两种光周期条件下雌、雄成虫LDH活性随处理时间延长呈下降趋势,且均显著低于对照(P<0.001)。中华通草蛉越冬成虫在长、短两种光周期条件下体内酶活力的差异可能是影响两种光周期下成虫滞育解除过程中体内不同生化物质含量与生殖状态的重要因子。
Photoperiod signals play an important role in the adaptation of insects. Insects can regulate the physiological and biochemical processes in vivo by sensing the changes of photoperiod to adapt to the changes of environment. In order to clarify the effect of photoperiod on the enzyme activities during diapause termination of overwintering adult Chrysoperla sinica, the effects of long photoperiod (15L: 9D) and short photoperiod (9L: 15D) on peroxidase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Na ~ + K ~ + -ATPase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that the CAT activities of female and male adults of T. chinensis decreased with the increase of the maximum photoperiod on the 5th day. The activity of CAT in the short photoperiod reached the highest value on the 5th day and was higher than that of the long photoperiod, d decreased rapidly to the lowest value, and both were significantly lower than that of long-photoperiod treatment (P = 0.005), then rose rapidly and were significantly higher than those on the 15th day (P <0.05) and 20th day Long photoperiod processing. The activity of SOD in female and male adult was higher than that in the control (P <0.001), and the activity of SOD was no significant difference except the SOD activity in the male and female The treatment activity was significantly lower than the control (P <0.05). The activities of SOD of the adult female adults exposed to long photoperiod were significantly lower than those of the short photoperiod (P <0.001), and the activities of other treatments were significantly higher than those of the short photoperiod , And there was significant difference in the activities between 5 d (P = 0.04), 15 d (P <0.001) and 20 d (P = 0.003). The activities of Na ~ + K ~ + -ATP in female and male adults increased up-and down-increased with the prolongation of treatment time under both photoperiodic conditions and were significantly higher than those on the 0 d (P <0.001) The activity of Na ~ + K ~ + -ATPase in the photoperiod treatment was higher than that in the long photoperiod at different time, and there was significant difference (P <0.05) . Under the two photoperiodic conditions, the LDH activities of female and male adults decreased with the prolongation of treatment time, and both were significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.001). The difference of enzyme activities in adult plants over long and short photoperiods of adult litters may be an important factor affecting the content and reproductive status of different biochemicals in adult diapause.