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目的了解某部参加军事演习的官兵3个月后创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的患病率及相关因素。方法2011年4月—2014年7月通过结构式问卷调查和心理量表测评对某部参加军事演习3个月的690名官兵进行相关因素调查。PTSD诊断采用PTSD筛查量表-军人版(PCL-M)进行初筛,再由精神科医师依据美国精神疾病诊断统计手册第四版(DSM-Ⅳ)标准中PTSD的诊断标准,对初筛结果高于划界分者进行一对一晤谈确定诊断,使用SPSSl3.0软件对调查资料进行单因素和Logistic回归分析。结果实际调查690人,收回有效问卷637例,确诊病例30例,占4.71%。个体阳性心理症状与中国男性青年常模相比有统计学意义(包括躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、人际关系、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子,P<0.05);影响心理健康状况的因素有:独生子女、居住城镇、服役满意度低、遇到困难时不能获取经济帮助、受伤、演习任务过重、不满意上级指示;应激事件对个体短期内的性格因素没有影响(P>0.05)。结论军事演习官兵3个月后PTSD的患病率较常人高,加强官兵的心理防护和危机干预十分必要。
Objective To understand the prevalence and related factors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 3 months after the officers and men participating in a military exercise. Methods From April 2011 to July 2014, 690 officers and men who participated in a military exercise for 3 months were surveyed by means of a structured questionnaire and a psychometric questionnaire. PTSD diagnosis using PTSD screening scale - military version (PCL-M) for screening, and then by the psychiatrist psychiatric diagnostic manual Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) standard PTSD diagnostic criteria for screening The results were higher than the delineation of one-on-one to determine the diagnosis of the use of SPSSl3.0 software survey data by single factor and Logistic regression analysis. Results The actual survey of 690 people, 637 valid questionnaires were retrieved, 30 cases were diagnosed, accounting for 4.71%. The positive psychological symptoms of individual were statistically significant compared with those of Chinese male youth (including somatization, obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, interpersonal relationship, hostility, terror, paranoid and psychotic factors, P <0.05) Of the factors are: only child, living in town, service satisfaction is low, in case of difficulties can not get financial help, injury, exercise overwork, not satisfied with superiors instructions; stress events have no effect on individual personality factors in the short term (P > 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of PTSD in military exercises and soldiers after 3 months is higher than that of ordinary people. It is necessary to strengthen the psychological protection and crisis intervention of officers and men.