最近从人成纤维细胞、动脉平滑肌细胞、淋巴样细胞等的研究证明 LDL 有调节胆固醇的摄取、储存、合成以及防止细胞内过多积聚的作用。LDL 的调节途径是 LDL 和细胞表面的受体结合,然后细胞内吞(Endocytosis),在胞质的溶酶体内水解。LDL 受体为糖蛋白,对 B 载脂蛋白有特异性。VLDL 能同 LDL 竞争受体而 HDL 则否,就是 VLDL 的组成有 B 载脂蛋白而 HDL 有 A 载脂蛋白。LDL 低浓度时和受体结合显著;高浓 Recent studies from human fibroblasts, arterial smooth muscle cells, lymphoid cells and the like have demonstrated that LDL has the effect of regulating cholesterol uptake, storage, synthesis and preventing excessive intracellular accumulation. LDL is regulated by the binding of LDL to receptors on the cell surface, followed by endocytosis, which hydrolyzes in the cytosolic lysosomes. The LDL receptor is a glycoprotein that is specific for B apolipoprotein. VLDL can compete with LDL receptors and HDL is not, that is, the composition of VLDL B apolipoprotein and HDL A apolipoprotein. LDL and receptor binding at low concentrations; high concentration