对传统固定波束裂开自动跟踪雷达,由雷达回波的地面反射导致的雷达目标跟踪误差已经计算出来。此篇论文中的分析和结果应用到均一照射抛物面反射器上,此反射器在3cm波长上波宽为1°。很明显,经典的传播理论充分地说明了地面反射误差。当地面反射系数大约为-0.4目标仰角接近0°时,理论和试验均表明跟踪误差为±10 ＇。在目标仰角5°时跟踪误差为±1＇,甚至在较大范围的仰角上,这将是控制当今精密雷达目标跟踪性能的最重要因素。一简单计算峰值误差公式已列出,其准确度可至仰角为0.5°时。放在反射点的反地面反射屏对跟踪给出了实质性改进。对所有可能的目标方位角,屏设计足够宽以避免任何源自目标影象的大量辐射,目标乃绕着屏的垂直边缘绕射。因此,大多情况下,屏是无效的。符号一览表λ=波长(3cm)△h=地面不规则垂直高度α=相对于雷达目标真实仰角β=俯视掠地角θ=参考天线极化图角f(θ)=天线极化图函数F=方程4左侧项T=常量,用以这次试验的天线为159.5ρ=地面反射系数h=接收天线超出地面的高度E=由地面反射引起的跟踪误差E_(max)=跟踪误差曲线的最大值B天线波宽P_T=天线接收总功率P_0=自由空间的接收功率φ=直射和反射线间总的相移差A_1和A_0=增益控制器中设置的最大和最小能量值H=目标超出地面的高度 R=雷达目标间距离S＇=雷达与目标影象间距离d=接收机与源之间水平距离K=2π/λα_R=雷达测到的表面仰角δ=雷达极化图的半波裂开角 For traditional fixed beam splitting automatic tracking radar, the radar target tracking error caused by radar echo ground reflection has been calculated. The analysis and results in this paper are applied to a uniform illumination parabolic reflector with a 1 ° wave width at a 3 cm wavelength. Obviously, the classical theory of communication fully illustrates the ground reflection error. When the ground reflection coefficient is about -0.4 and the target elevation angle is close to 0 °, both theory and experiment show that the tracking error is ± 10 ’. With a tracking error of ± 1 ° at a target elevation of 5 °, this will be the single most important factor in controlling the tracking performance of today’s precision radars, even over a wide range of elevation angles. A simple calculation of the peak error formula has been listed, its accuracy can be up to 0.5 ° elevation. The anti-ground reflective screen placed at the reflection point provides substantial improvement in tracking. For all possible target azimuths, the screen design is wide enough to avoid any significant amount of radiation from the target image, with the target diffracted around the vertical edge of the screen. Therefore, most of the time, the screen is invalid. Symbol List λ = wavelength (3 cm) Δh = vertical height of the ground irregularity α = true elevation angle relative to the radar target β = top grazing angle θ = polarization angle of reference antenna f (θ) = antenna polarization function F = T = constant on the left-hand side of equation 4, the antenna used for this test is 159.5 p = ground reflection coefficient h = height of the receiving antenna above the ground E = tracking error due to ground reflections E max = the maximum of the tracking error curve Value B Antenna Width P_T = Total Antenna Received Power P_0 = Free Space Received Power φ = Total Phase Shift Difference Between Direct and Reflected Lines A_1 and A_0 = Maximum and Minimum Energy Values ​​Set in Gain Controller H = R = distance between radar targets S ’= distance between radar and target image d = horizontal distance between receiver and source K = 2π / λα_R = surface elevation measured by radar δ = half-wave of radar polarization Open angle